Modern surveying instruments provides faster and more precise surveying than conventional instruments. Theodolite and total station are land surveying instruments used to get information about the plot under consideration for construction buildings, bridges, roads, highways, dams, etc. Basic surveying theory and practice for performing certain mathematical operations with angles, it is sometimes easier to convert to decimal degrees first, perform the necessary math, then convert back to degrees, minutes, and seconds. Centering means setting the theodolite exactly over an instrument station so that.
It can be done by means of plumb bob suspended from a small hook attached to the vertical axis of the theodolite. Centering means setting the theodolite exactly over an instrument station so that its vertical axis lies immediately above the station mark. What we will do is assign in the total station the x and y coordinates of p1 and then swing the instrument so it is aligned to p2, and then assign the azimuth to this bearing. These are some working notes to help people set up the leica tcr 305 for survey work.
Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with. Lecture notes on the course ah2923 global navigation satellite system. Survey field procedures manual prepared by the division of. Scope of manual this manual, in general, covers divisionwide surveying policies and procedures and appropriate reference material. Total station is a surveying equipment combination of electromagnetic distance measuring instrument and electronic theodolite. Types of surveying on the basis of whether the curvature of the earth is taken into account or not, surveying can be divided into two main categories. Total station a total station integrates the functions of a theodolitefor measuring angles, an edm for measuring distances, digital data and information recording. Total station is one of the most used modern instrument in land surveying. It is an imperative requirement in the planning and execution of nearly every form of construction.
Total station setup and operation university of south. Total station is a surveying equipment combination of electromagnetic distance measuring instrument and electronic theodolite for construction site survey. Not on the survey mathematics or detailed electronics, but. Level the instrument on the desired starting survey marker. Write the elevations recorded next to the elevation shown at the design catch on the slope stake design notes. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
A total station is an electronicoptical instrument used in modern surveying. Pdf ce6404 surveying ii books, lecture notes, 2marks with. Line of sight is required if you cannot physically see your target from the total station, you cannot measure it. Prepare a set of level notes for the survey illustrated below. It is also integrated with microprocessor, electronic data. Spot check the elevations with a level and a rod throughout the area slope staked to ensure the elevations recorded from the total station system are correct. This is easy handbook and consists lecture notes in pdf format. Pdf surveying ii notes, ebook download for civil engineers. Surveying the area of a mining site would require relative coordinates, therefore, the initial instrument x,y,z coordinates may be. Information regarding heat transfer full notes pdf download. Total station surveys the initial xy coordinate system of the instrument is random it must be calibrated to conform to geographic or magnetic north a backsight target is established.
Hey fellows, download this ebook for the subject surveying ii in civil engineering branch. Download ce8351 surveying books lecture notes syllabus part a 2 marks with answers ce8351 surveying important part b marks, direct 16 mark questions and part c 15 marks. Leveling the total station leveling the total station must be. The coded scales of the horizontal and vertical circles are scanned. It is a basic course for all universities for civil engineers. Surveying notes ce8351 pdf free download regulation 2017 anna university. Type of total station, accuracy and oem specifications. The total station is setup anywhere convenient just. Capability of a total station important operations of total station distance measurement angle measurements data processing display electronic book uses of total station advantages of using total stations a. Total station in surveying operation, uses and advantages. For a level, the compen sator automatically takes care of the final levelling up. Pdf ce8351 surveying books, lecture notes, 2 marks with.
A total station is used to record the absolute location of the tunnel walls, ceilings backs, and floors as the drifts of an underground mine are driven. Surveying traverse surveying traverse distance traverse methods of computing area a simple method that is useful for rough area estimates is a graphical method in this method, the. Nor is it a substitute for surveying knowledge, experience or judgment. Download link is provided and students can download the anna university ce6404 surveying ii syllabus question bank lecture notes syllabus part a 2 marks with answers part b 16 marks question bank with answer, all the materials are listed below for the students to make use of it and score good maximum marks with our study materials. Manual errors involved in reading and recording are eliminated. Tacheometric surveying tacheometric systems tangential, stadia and subtense methods. Pdf ce6404 surveying ii books, lecture notes, 2marks. From then on all point measurements will be set according to utm. Chapter 9 total station system tss survey specification. Here you can download the free lecture notes of surveying pdf notes, materials with multiple file links to download. It is used for acquiring topographic data digitally and further transferring. Surveying in civil engineering introduction to surveying shubham sir lec 01 duration. When the instrument operator changes the reticle focus may need to be adjusted. Elhallaq lecturer of surveying the islamic university of gaza introduction.
Advantages of using total stations the following are some of the major advantages of using total station over the conventional surveying instruments. Surveying is defined as taking a general view of, by observation and measurement determining the boundaries, size, position, quantity, condition, value etc. Surveying ae aee ace academy handwritten notes pdf free download for assistant engineer and assistant executive engineer government posts exams. Feb 19, 2015 hey fellows, download this ebook for the subject surveying ii in civil engineering branch. Leveling the total station leveling the total station must be accomplished to sufficient accuracy otherwise the instrument will not report results leveling the instrument takes 30 to 45 minutes make sure you can see all targets from the instrument station before going through the process. We hope students all over the world will find it helpful. Because only a surveyor who has full understanding of surveying techniques will be able to determine the most efficient methods required to obtain optimal results over a. Note hi refers to the height of the centre of the total station above the survey point and that needs to be measured each time you set up the total station on a survey point.
Chapter 1 surveying preface this manual is a revision of the engineering survey chapter of the 1969 soil conservation services engineering field manual for conservation practices. A theodolite is basically a telescope with both a vertical and horizontal axis. Total station is the advanced surveying instrument in the field of engineering survey used for smarter surveying. May 22, 2008 surveying in civil engineering introduction to surveying shubham sir lec 01 duration. Modern surveying instruments and their uses in civil. The middle prism is suspended by fine wiring and reacts to gravity. Surveying is a very important part of civil engineering. Gps post processing was used when surveying the beacons. Surveying notes pdf book starts with the topics distance measurement conventions and methods, theodolite, description, uses, and adjustments. Selection of traverse definition a traverse is a series of straight lines called traverse legs. It is also used by archaeologists to record excavations as well as by police, crime scene investigators, private accident reconstructionists and insurance companies to take measurements of scenes.
Lecturer of surveying the islamic university of gaza introduction. The chapter has been revised with respect to general surveying practices relevant to the nrcs engineering practices and includes new sec. One crew member shall be responsible for taking notes in the field book. Total station full information free notes pdf download. A total station is an angle measuring device, also known as a theodolite, integrated with. It is also used by archaeologists to record excavations as well as by police, crime scene investigators, private. Total station and its applications in surveying gis resources. Their types and uses are discussed in this article.
Aug 28, 2018 download version download 7173 file size 2. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Chapter 9 total station system tss survey specification 901 general survey specifications describe the methods and procedures needed to attain the desired. Surveying notes pdf book starts with the topics distance. Feb 28, 2017 total station is one of the most used modern instrument in land surveying. Introduction, electromagnetic spectrum, electromagnetic distance measurement, total station, digital selfleveling levels, scanners for. You may have to level the total station first as shown on screen. Ce8351 notes surveying regulation 2017 anna university free download. Total station system tss survey specification highway surveying manual page 93 january 2005 total station system tss survey specification 903. The total station instrument is mounted on a tripod and is levelled by operating levelling screws. Lecture 30 modern surveying instrument total station.
Ce8351 notes surveying regulation 2017 anna university. In conventional surveying, chain and tape are used for making linear measurements while compass and ordinary theodolites are used for making angular measurements. Basic surveying theory and practice for performing certain mathematical operations with angles, it is sometimes easier to convert to decimal degrees first, perform the necessary math. Surveying is made up of various specializations known as sectors. Surveying complete pdf notes download zone smartzworld. Surveying with gps, total station and terresterial laser. How to do manual i will try and explain the positionazimuth. The total station is an electronic theodolite transit integrated with. Examples of total stations are the nikon dtm 801, topcon and geodimeter400 series examples of usage general purpose angle and distance measurements. Further, this document is not intended to be used for commercial. Total station and its applications in surveying gis. Surveying the area of a mining site would require relative coordinates, therefore, the initial instrument x,y,z coordinates may be 5000, 5000, 100.
Surveying with gps, total station and terresterial laser scaner diva. Chain tape surveying is the simplest form of detail surveying. It is also integrated with microprocessor, electronic data collector and storage system. Todays electronic total stations all have an optoelectronic distance meter edm and electronic angle scanning. Introduction to engineering surveying ce 5 levellingtheory. The instrument can be used to measure horizontal and vertical angles as well as sloping distance of object to the instrument. It is used for acquiring topographic data digitally and further transferring data to computer systems for creating digital terrain models dtm. It is carried out to the features such as hills, rivers, forests and man made features like villages, buildings, transmission lines and roads.
It has a compensator which consists of an arrangement of three prisms. Introduction, electromagnetic spectrum, electromagnetic distance measurement, total station, digital selfleveling levels, scanners for topographical survey. The total station a total station consists of a theodolite with a builtin distance meter distancer, and so it can measure angles and distances at the same time. Field notes most of the assignments in this lab will be carried out in the field. In engineering surveying, either or both of the above formats may be utilized in the planning, design and construction of works, both on the surface and underground. Mining total stations are the primary survey instrument used in mining surveying.
Surveying has been an essential element in the development of the human environment for so many centuries. The two outer ones are attached to the barrel of the telescope. The ownership of the information lies with the respective authors or institutions. D egreesminutesseconds d ecimal degrees 1 0 2 3 12 1 8 1 1 4 2. At least one hour of data collection at each beacon was required, taking into account the satellite constellations, pdop and other. Here in we have gathered some pdf lectures on surveying. Surveying traverse surveying traverse distance traverse methods of computing area a simple method that is useful for rough area estimates is a graphical method in this method, the traverse is plotted to scale on graph paper, and the number of squares inside the traverse are counted a d c b distance traverse methods of computing area a c. Download ce6404 surveying ii books lecture notes syllabus part a 2 marks with answers ce6404 surveying ii important part b 16 marks questions, pdf books, question bank with.
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